Receiver for the electrical transmission of intelligence



Feb. 19, W, C, ROE RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 l N I 'ENTOR.

William C.R0

Arrozvey.

Feb. 19, 1935. w. c. ROE

RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5, 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 vvvvvvvv INVENTUR ll z'am C. 1206 WWW ATTORNEY J.

W. C. ROE

Feb. 19, 1935.

RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5 1932 I 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Q ME R E a u e .mo R m C I m a I I M i v i A TTORNE Y.

Feb. 19, 1935.

W. C. ROE

RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 5, 1952 Q fi N A TTORNE Y.

Mllz'am C. Roe

R- 3m 3w RE 9E 3w 3N RN m5 W. C. ROE

Feb. 19, 1935.

, RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TEANSMIssI CN OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5, 1932 '7 Sheets-sheet 5 INVENTOI? I /illiam C. [306 j /Tfimsy.

NwN

NFEWN N2 KEN wfif E w O0 \\\\v ip// RN Y 4 E 3. v C mwN O 9% 0 0 mam W. C. ROE

Feb. 19, 1935.

RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5. 1932 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 mwszvron. William C. Roe M ATTORNEY.

Feb. 19, 1935'. v w. c. ROE 1,991,416

RECEIVER FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION OF INTELLIGENCE Filed Feb. 5, 1952 7 sheetsaheet 7 Fig INVENTOR.

' William C. 15.06

ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 19, 1935 ancnrvsa Foa THE ELECTRICAL rams- MISSION or mrnmonnoe William C, Roe, Elyria, Ohio, assignor, by memeassignments, to Printel Communication Systems, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application February 5, 1932,'Serial No.'59l,224

54 cam (on. 1-18-34) This invention relates to sys em and apparatus for the transmission of intelligence electrically between remotely situated stations and relates particularly to receiving apparatus and electrical systems therefor situated at the receiving station. 7 7

My invention, furthermore, relates to apparatus'of this general class, sometimes referred to as telegraphic typewriters.

It is an object of my invention to provide-an improved apparatus and electrical system therefor. whereby electrical energy transmitted thereto from a remote sending station in accordance with municating apparatus.

Another object of my invention is to provide ,paratus whereby, in an improved manner, to,-

- Y .a] ore-arranged system of impulses and/or groups of impulses may bereceived and. selectively employed to actuate an intelligence coin an. apparatus and electrical system of the kind referred to in which the transmitted impulses may actuate a letter printing type selective aptranslate the impulses into letters and words.

1 Another object is to provide,

. Another object'is to providean improved telegraphic typewriter comprising a'type cylinder or the like having a plurality of characters thereonand adapted to be selectively moved rotatively and axially to position it selectively with respect to'the characters thereon in selective response to a variety of predetermined electrical impulses I transmitted thereto from a remote station.

Another object is to provide a telegraphic typewriter of the class referred to in which theiselectively operable type cylinder "r the like is comjbi ned in an improved manner with a printing mechanism for printing upon a strip of paper the characters successively selected.

a telegraphic typewriter-apparatus, comprising a printing ink carrying ribbon, an improvedmeans for repeatedly winding and unwinding the ribbon in alter- Y r nate directions and for shifting 'the ribbon transtypewriter; an improved means for; feeding a verseiy to efiect a utilization of substantially all of the'length and breadth of ,the ribbon in th ewriting function of the apparatus.

Another object is to provide, in a telegraphic printing ribbon and a paper strip through the apparatus during the process ofprinting characters thereon. p

typewriter or the like, in which-for the printing of each character on a strip of paper, a plurality of cperati' ns are performed successively, .improved electrical and/or mechanical means for timing and interlocking the elementsof the apparatus to cause the said operations .to only in a predetermined order.

occur Another objectv is to provide, in a telegraphic typewriter, improved meanswhereby, atterfa character has been printed, the parts may be returned to their normal, position preparatory to printing the next succeeding character.

Another object is to provide, in a telegraphic typewriter or the like, improved means wherebythe selection of the characters to be typed 'may be effected more positively than heretofore, and

whereby the selectio'nrof the characters, the.

printing thereof and the return of theparts to their normal position, may be effected in the minimum of time.

Another object'isto provide an improved mechanism comprising an element movable'to a plurality 0! selective pomtions (one specific form of which-for example, isa type cylinder) by movement in two directions .(axially and rotatively in the illustrative of a type cylinder), and electrically actuated means for thus selectively directionally moving the element responsive to impulses 'or groups of impulses transmitted thereto from a remotely situated impulse-sending sta- 7 Another object of my" invention is to provide in an electrically actuated receiver such, for example, as a'telegraph typewriter or the like, and

{which employs a paper strip upon which characters arep'rinted, means wherebyelectrical energytransmitted tothe receiver as, for example, by a succession of impulses, may actuate the paper strip to move itrapidly through the receiver a predetermined-unselected distance at the end of a printing operation thereo whereby'to render visible or more easily legible, the final word or character, printed and facilitating tearing off the strip'at the end of the printed message reel d Another object is to'provide, in an electrically actuated receiver, two or-more electro-responsive means which may be actuated-severally or joint- 1y byelectrical energy transmitt d thereto from 'a distant sending station, and whicnwhen actuated severally or jointly, may selectively actuatean intelligence communicating receiver; and

which when actuated Jointly, eifect the said actuation of the receiver irrespective of synchronized Another object -is to provide, in a telegraphic adapted tobe actuated by electric energy. for

example in the form of impulses, transmitted thereto from a distant station, and employing an electric circuit or circuits which may, when not receiving, remain in a dead or unenergized condition and which will respond immediately to efiect the intelligence transmitting function upon the transmission thereto of electrical energy from a distant station; and without the necessity of first closing, energizing or otherwise preparing the receiving circuits for the reception of the intelligence communicating impulses or electrical energy.

Another object is to provide in an electrically actuated apparatus, comprising a mechanism actuated by the movable armature of an electromagnet, an improved magnetic circuit for the electro-magnet whereby the minimum of reluctance in the magnetic circuit may be provided and lost motion in the bearing of the armature substantially completely eliminated.

Another object is to provide in an intelligence communicating electrically actuated receiver, of the recording type, means whereby upon the changing of electric circuit connections, for example as by throwing a switch, the recorder will record the received message in code for purposes of secrecy.

Another object is to provide a telegraphic typewriter operable by a source of energy local to the receiver typewriter mechanism, the energy being released upon the reception by the receiver of a transmitted current impulse or impulses and thereupon operating the receiver through a complete cycle.

Another object is to provide a telegraphic typewriter such as referred to in the preceding paragraph in which at the end of a cycle of operations the entire receiving apparatus is restored to its original receiving condition, and in which during each cycle, mechanical energy is stored therein suificient for the performance of the next succeeding cycle of operations by power mechanism energized from a local source of electric current.

Another object is to provide such a telegraphic typewriter in which not only is the mechanical energy for each cycle stored in the receiver by the preceding cycle, but also, during the preceding cycle a typewriter ribbon and printing paper tape are stepped ahead a step for the next succeeding cycle.

Another object is to provide such a telegraphic typewriter in which electrical impulses received ceiving apparatus by a preceding cycle to effect the operation of the mechanism in the next succeeding cycle is only sufllcient'for said operation of the succeeding cycle, whereby the energy available to operate the mechanism for all cycles is substantially constant as distinguished from mechanisms in which a quantity .ofenergy is stored at one time for a number of succeeding cycles, and therefore being in excess of that required for one cycle and of diminishing amounts for subsequent cycles.

Other objects will be apparent to those who are skilled in the art to which my invention appertains.

the embodiment of my invention may be actuated;

Fig. 3 is a view, in some respects diagrammatic, illustrating a part-of an embodiment of my invention whereby a type cylinder which I may employ may be selectively moved to printing position and returned to a normal position;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view taken from the plane 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a view taken from the plane 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a view to an enlarged scale of a ratchet element which I may employ and illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is an elevational view with parts broken away for clearness of an apparatus in which my invention may be embodied and illustrating particularly printing elements and resetting elements forming part ofthe embodiment; and illustrating also in actual structural form, certain parts illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive; v

Figs. 8 and 9 are, respectively,fragmentary views of some of the parts of Fig. 7 illustrated in cross-section;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view taken from the plane 10 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view taken from the plane 11 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 12 is a view in some respect diagrammatic of a part of the embodiment of my invention and illustrating a mechanism for controlling movements of a printing tape and of a strip of printreceii'ing paper;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary view of a part of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary end elevational view of an actual apparatus embodying my invention, which view may be considered as taken from the plane 14 of Figs. 15 or 16;

Fig. 15 is an elevational view of the said actual apparatus embodying my invention, with parts omitted or broken away for simplicity and the view may be considered as taken from the plane 15 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is'a top plan view'of an actual embodiment of my invention, with parts broken away to simplify the drawings, and the view may be considered as taken from the plane 16 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary view taken from the plane 17 of Fig. 16 and with parts omitted for simplicity;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary view taken from the plane 18 of Fig. '7 with the parts drawn to a smaller scale approximately half of the scale of 8- Fig. 19 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating a modification of a part of the electric circuit which may be employed;

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 19 illustrating another modification;

Fig. 21 is a view similar to a part of Fig. '7 but illustrating a modification of a rack and pinion mechanism of that figure;

Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but in simpliall ofwhich will be fully set forth hereinafter. I The division 2 on the cylinder is'the division to y it longitudinally; and in eithercase, the appa fled formillustra ing in diagrammatic form, the mode of operation of a type cylinder which I may employ when the modification of Fig. 21 .is empl yed; I

Figs. 23 and 24 are electric diagrams indicating some of the circuits which may be employed when a plurality of telegraphic typewriter receivers such as that forming part or my invention are unrolled circumferential dimension of thecylinder.v shown in Fig. 1, the cylinder, in the preferred form thereof, is divided up into, fortytwo divisions-in each of which is or may be provided a type character, number I or letter. By

rotating the cylinder and/or moving iii-longitudinally,'any one of the'characters maygbebroughtinto position to be printed upon a stripjof paper,

which the cylinder is moved when it is desired to provide a space between successive'words being printed from the characters; and-the division. 3 is the division with respect to which the cylinder is, positioned when in its normal position, or. the

position to which it returns afterthe character has-beenprinted. I

' The mechanism tobe fully describedhereinafter for rotating andreciprocatingtype,

cylinder 1 is actuated by, electrical transmitted'to the apparatus tronrthe remote orsending station. Preferably, the. impulses are transmitted over two circuits-the impulses on one circuit functioning to rotate 'stheatype cylin- V der 1, and those of the other functioning to-move ratus responds to each single rotate the cylinder a single space or'division toj move it longitudinally a single division; -51], i

- Thus, i'or example, three successive impulses on one circuit =would, referring "to1,'move the cylinder longitudinally werticauy'i' to, Iii-mg the cylinder (horizontally) the character M in position to 1; ,At the same time, however, it therewere three 'successive impulses in the other circuit, it would rotate r'f i' th cha acter L into'position'to be printed. 0r,if'there have shown at 4 and 5 were no impulses-gen the first, circuit but there we'refthree impulses on thefisecbnd circuit, it

would bring the character H inte position to be printed, the movement starting; each iromthe division a h The impulses from thesending stationmay'be transmitted to the receiver embodying my invention'over two wires with a common return wire or'with a ground return circuit;

Referring now to F'ig. 2, which illustrates in simplified form, a diagram of various electricallyactuated devices and circuits thereof forming part of the preferred embodiment of my invention, I incoming lines over which impulses are transmitted from the sending stak tion ,andat 6 a return wire or a connection to ground." At 7 and 8 area pair of selecting electro-magnetswhich, through suitable and in response toimpulses received over the lines 4 and 5, respectively and selectively, rotate the typecylinder 1 and move it axially. v

resistance of the lamp 23.

, .Upon energization of the printing-magnet 13, it operates the printing mechanism notzgshown in the diagram, and alsoactuates a switch arm 26 switch contact at 27 and'opens the g This causes the current flowin'gin I the wire 19 to flow through the contact 27jand I thence, by a switch arm 127,'wire zlrand'wire 24 At 18' is a relay, the magnet 10 of which is connected in series respectively with the magnets '1 and 8 by a. wire 11 and completing their circuit through the line 6. Thus the impulses which energize the magnets 7 and 8 respectively also energize the magnet 10 and hold open the relay 18' so long as the impulses continue. Upon cessation of impulses, the relay contacts 17-17 are spring closed. 1

At 13 is a printing magnet which when actuated eflects, through suitable mechanism, a printing of the characters selected on the type cylinder by the selecting magnet; and at 14 is an electromagnet which when energlzed're-sets all of the apparatus to its original or normal position prior to the reception of a set of character-selecting impulses. v Y The printing magnet 13 is energizedirom-a local source such as a battery 15, the current flow ing through a wire 16 and through the contacts 17 of the relay 18', by'wire 19, through aswitch arm 128, switch contact 20, switch arm 126,. and, j; fib'y wire 21 to andthrough themagnet 13 'and'bach to the battery 15 by a wire 22. At the same time,'-

current flows by way of thewire 21 through. wire 30, a lamp 23, wire 24 and thence-through the winding of the magnet 14, and by way-of. a wire" :25, to the wire 22 and battery 15.; Thusupon closure of the relay 18' at contacts 17, themagnet 13is fully energized to efieetan perat on or themechanism controlled thereby, and the winding l4 is partially-energized in series with ,the-higli..

which closes a contact at 20;

directly to the magnet 14. giving it full energization, and places the lamp 23 in the circuit of the winding1'3 which is now energlzed'by'way of the contact 27, wire 28, lamp 23, and wire 30,,greatly. reducing the energlzation ottheiw'inding 13.

energization of the winding-14 thus en,

fected operates a resetting or restoring?mechanism associated therewith and also. actuates a "switch arm 31 having an extensionv l58which opens the contact 17. The latter contact, which controls the main circuit to the battery 15, interrupts the current to both the magnets 13 and 14,

to completely tie-energize them and, to restore,

their switch contacts and the mechanismactue ated by the magnets to their original .ornormal positions, and the contacts 17 are'held openby a.

To insure a positive full stroke movement and to avoid chattering at the contacts 17, a momentary v shunt circuit through wire 9, switch 12 and switch contact 29 is made by movement of the switch I during the attracted movement of the 7 arm '31.

around the contacts 17- armto closed position I A one-way trigger 32 closes contact 29 momentarily during the first part of movement of the arm 31 and permits it. to open during latter-part of the stroke, whereupon all current from the battery .15 is interrupted and magnets 13 and Y14 trigger 32 rotates and avoids closing. of'the contact 29 in a well known manneri de-energizedf upon-the return of arm 31,;the

This, completes one cycle-oi operations iorthev printing of one character.v Upon the perform-' ance of the resetting orrestoring operation above L referred to, the latch 17' is withdrawnbymeans associated with the resetting mechanism, and not illustrated in the diagrammatic showing of Fig. 2, so that the contacts 17 can close and so that upon the next energization of the magnet or magnets 7 and/or 8, another cycle may be initiated.

The diagrammatic apparatus, Fig.s2, forcontrolling the circuits as just described, differs, for the sake of simplification, from the actual apparatus of subsequent figures, but only in such respects as will be clearly understood by those skilled in this art.

Thus upon the reception of impulses by the magnets '7 and 8, the relay 18 is held with the contacts 17 in open condition by the current impulses flowing in the magnet 10, suitable electrical and/or mechanical inertia being provided in the relay 18' to preventits releasing the armature 94 and the contacts 17 so long as impulses are flowing. Upon the cessation of the impulses, the

relay 18' being de-energized, permits the contacts 17 to close, causing an energization of the magnet 13 to effect the printing operation and this is immediately followed by energization ofmechanism but more as it actually appears in a preferred form when produced for practical or commercial purposes.

Referring to Fig. 3, I have reproduced at 7 and 8 the impulse-receiving magnets, each having associated therewith an armature, 35 and 36, pivotally supported at 3737, one end of each being adapted to be attracted by the magnet and the other end of each having a finger 38-38 engaging an arm 39-39 of a pair of bell cranks 4040, pivoted at 41-41. The other arms 42-42 of the similar bell cranks 40 are These pawls straddle elongated longitudinallybifurcated at their free ends to provide fingers 43 and 44, provided each at the free ends thereof with downwardly projecting pawls 45 and 46.

a movable ratchet pieces 47-47 provided on their the pawls 45 and 46.

Extendingdownwardly from. the ratchet pieces 47-47 are pins 6767 engaged upon their rearward sides by the upper free ends of springs 68 68, see Figs. 7 and 11. The springs 68 are preferably formed from flat steel strips and supported and disposed to exert a forward resilient thrust on the pins 67, thrust portions 69-69 being provided on the upper free ends of the springs 68 and interposed between the springs and the pins 67, whereby, in allrelative operative positions of the pins 67 -and springs 68, the thrust of the spring may be transmitted from the upper extreme end of the spring.

The lower ends of the springs 68 are rigidly connected as by screws 70 to a head 71 rotatably supported in ball bearings 72, but adapted, in a manner to be described, to take up a normal position such'as that illustrated inFig. 7, in which the springs 68 are bent to conti uously exert a forward thrust on the pins 67 Q d the ratchet pieces 47.

In connection with the apparatus thus fardescribed, when a magnet such as the magnet 7 is energized with one or more impulses, the armature35v thereof will be rocked clockwise and correspondingly, rock the bell crank 40 counterclockwise against the clockwise torque of' a spring 75. The spring 75 normally maintains the pawl 45 against the teeth 65, and the pawl 46 out of engagement with the teeth 66, and the ratchet pieces 47 are continuously resiliently pressed forward by the springs 68 as above described. Therefore, upon energization of the magnet 7, say, by one impulse, the pawl 45 will be moved out of engagement with its engaged tooth 65, and the pawl 46 will be moved into engagement with a tooth 66 to transfer the ratchet piece holding function from the pawl 45 to the pawl 46.

When the magnet 7 is de-energized at the end of the said impulse, the spring 75 returns the pawl 45 toward the teeth 65, but the rearwardly inclined edge, such as the edge 76, of the tooth 66, permits a. slight forward movement of the ratchet piece 47 during theinward movement of the pawl 45 and outward movement of thepawl 46 so that during the return of the pawl 45 toward the ratchet piece 47, the ratchet piece may be moved forwardly a small distance by the spring 68 so that the pawl 45, as it returns, engages the next succeeding tooth 65 and the ratchet piece 47 will thus be advanced a distance corresponding'to one tooth space. Thus also, upon energizing the magnet 7 with a succession of impulses, the bell crank 40 will be vibrated back and forth, in one direction by the magnet 7 and in the other by the spring 75, and the ratchet piece 47 will be stepped forwardly rapidly a corresponding number of teeth or steps.

In the forward ends of the ratchet pieces 47 W are provided upstanding pins 48 over which are looped links 49 and 50 having elongated slots 78 and 79 respectively therein. At the outer free end of the link 49 is pivoted as at 51 the arm 52 of a bell crank 53 pivotally mounted at 54. A spring constantly exerts a counter-clockwise torque on the bell crank 53. The other arm 63 of the bell crank has a head or pin portion 80 disposed in the annular groove 81 of a shifting head 82 formed integrally with or connected to the type cylinder 1, axially movable upon a supporting shaft 83 but splined or otherwise connected therewith to rotate with the shaft 83. The shaft 83 is supported in adjustable rotational bearings 84 and 85. i

As will now be apparent, when the upper ratchet piece 47, as viewed in Fig. 3, is stepped forwardly as above described, the pin 48 will advance in the slot 78-of the link 49 or tend to advance therein due to the exceedingly rapid forward movement of the pin 48 and due also to the stepped or intermittent character of its movement. At the same time, the spring 55 will rock the bell crank 53 counter-clockwise and move the type cylinder 1 along the shaft 83, the extent of the movement being determined by the extent of movement of the pin 48 which in turn isdetermined by the number of teeth or steps ',sition corresponding to the movement of the ratchet piece. 47,-which, in accordance with the selective number of impulses, positions the cylinder longitudinally with respect to a character thereon.

At the outer end of the link 50, a rack bar 55' is connected, and mounted to move longitudinally in unison with the link 50. A connecting rod 57 is pivotally connected to the rack bar 55 at 56 at one end and atthe other end is pivoted as at 58 toa crank arm 59 pivotally supported at 60. A spring 61 continually exerts resilient torque clockwise on the arm 59 and thus, acting through the connecting rod 57, exerts a longitudinal resilient thrust toward the left as viewed in Fig. 3, on

the rack bar 55. The rack bar 55 has rack teeth 87 on the under side thereof meshed with the teeth of a gear 88 secured to the shaft 83 in any suitable manner and rotatable therewith.

As will now appear, when the ratchet piece 4'7, the lower one as viewed in Fig. 3, is projected forwardly with the intermittent rapid movement above described, the pin 48 thereof will advance in the slot 79. Concurrently therewith, the link 50 and rack bar 55 will be pulled forwardly with a steady or continuous movement by the spring 61, thereby rotating the gear 88 and the shaft 83 and the type cylinder 1; and-the extent of the rotational movement of the type cylinder 1 will be determined by the extent of movement of the ratchet piece 47 and pin 48, the movement being finally stopped, after the ratchet piece 47 stops moving, by engagement of the end of the slot 79 with the pin 48; and the rapid intermittent movement of the ratchet piece 4'7 will not be interfered with by the relatively great inertia of the other parts mentioned, associated therewith, but the rotary movement of the type cylinder 1 will be accurately determined and will rotate the type cylinder 1, one or more divisions thereof as described hereinbefore in connection with Fig.1.

Since it is desired for each impulse in the mag nets 7 and 8 to respectively rotate the type cylinder 1 by an amount equal to one division thereof as. shown in Fig. 1, and to move it longitudinally an amount equal to one division, the pitch diameter of the gear 88 must be proportioned so that it will turn the type cylinder 1 one division for each tooth or each step movement of the corresponding ratchet piece 47; and the ratio of the length of the bell crank arms 52 and 63 must be proportioned so that the longitudinal movement given to the type cylinder 1 will be correct for one complete division thereof for each tooth space or step of movement'of the ratchet piece 4']. Where, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the longitudinal movement of the type cylinder 1 is in a direction at right angles to the longitudinal movement of the ratchet pieces 47, the bell crank arms 52 and 63 are preferably disposed at substantially a right angle to each other and the pivot point 54 is preferably disposed so that the total movement of the bell crank arm will be substantially equal amounts on the opposite sides of corresponding center lines; for example, the bell crank arm 63 may move from one extreme position to the other, equal amounts on opposite sides of a horizontal line through the pivot 54, and the bell crank arm 53 correspondingly will move substantially equal amounts on opposite sides of a vertical center line through the said pivot.

By this provision, equal steps on the ratchet pieces 47 will effect equal steps on the type cylinder 1. At the same time, the bell crank arm 63 may be longer than the bell crank arm 52 whereby any desired magnification of movement of the type'cylinder 1 may be effected in correspondence to any suitable distance between the steps of the ratchet pieces. .47. Again, if it be desired to move the type cylinder 1v unequal amounts as, for ex-'- ample, where'some of the characters may occupy more longitudinal length on the cylinder, correspondingly the teeth spaces on the ratchet pieces 47 may'be'variable. Furthermore, although the lever arm 52 moves around a supporting pivot 54 and therefore its angular'movement for two steps adjacentthe left-hand end of the ratchet piece 4'7 is greater than for successive teeth, nevertheless, by the arrangement of the lever arms above described, this is exactly compensated for in the movement of the type cylinder 1; and for equally spaced teeth on the ratchet piece 4'7, the steps taken by the type cylinder 1 will be equal.

Referring again to Fig. 6, which illustrates one of the ratchet pieces 47 to an enlarged scale, I have shown the preferred form of the teeth 65 and 66. The teeth 65 comprise each a pawl-engaging portion 65 disposed substantially at a right angle to the direction of movement of the ratchet piece 4'! and a rearwardly inwardly inclined portion 65" disposed at an angle of approximately 45" with the portion 65'. The teeth 66 comprise each a pawl-engaging portion 66, rearwardly outwardly inclined at an angle of approximately 30 from the direction of movement and a rearwardly inwardly inclined portion 66" at an angle of approximately 45, the shape of the teeth 65 and 66 thus provided being clearly illustrated in Fig. 6. I find that teeth of these forms cooperate more effectively and positively in'conjunction with the pawls 45 and 46 respectively than other shapes, but as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the teeth 65 and 66 may beain form, considerably varied from that illustrated in Fig. 6 without detracting unduly from a positive accurate ratcheting function thereof.

The type cylinder 1 may be mounted on the shaft 83 to rotate and move axially thereon by various mechanical arrangements, but I prefer the construction illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. Asillustrated in these figures, the type cylinder has longitudinal grooves between the longitudinally disposed series of character supporting p'ortions. In one of these grooves is disposed a key 82' preferably in the form of a slender rod, an end of which is mounted slidably in a bore 81 in the head 82, and is secured at one end in a suitable recess in a flange 83' of the gear 88. The key 82' is thus rigidly connected to the gear 88, rotates with it and forms a key or feather for guiding the longitudinal movements of the type cylinder '1, and also serves as a means to rotate the type cylinder-.1 to communicate thereto rotary or oscillatory movement of the gear 88.

By this construction, the key or feather 82' may be disposed at a relatively great radial distance from the, shaft 83 to reduce to a negligible amount any tendency of the cylinder 1 to jam thereupon; and the type cylinder 1 may be relatively loosely mounted upon the shaft 83 and have a relatively loose engagement with the key 82' whereby the type cylinder may in every case move freely and'with great rapidity to its selected position.

8 also energize the magnet 10. When'energized the magnet 10 attracts an armature 89 pivotally supported at 90 and provided on its free end with an anti-friction wheel or roller 92 engaging an inclined portion 93 of a resilient switch arm 94 having a contact 17 adapted to electrically engage a second contact 17 on a stationary switch arm 97. The magnet 9 and the parts just described constitute the relay 18 of Fig. 2.

The armature 89 is maintained in its counterclockwise position against the tension of a spring 89' by the engagement therewith of one arm 91 of a bell crank 98 pivotally supported at 99. The other arm 100 of the bell crank carries, pivoted at its free end as at 104, an equalizing bar bridging and engaging the pins 48.

Upon energization. of the magnets 7 and 8 by impulses, these impulses energize the magnet 10 and attract the armature 89, freeing it from the end of the bell crank arm 91. When, as above described, the pins 48-48, either or both of them, move forwardly, they will leave their engagement with the equalizing bar 105 and the bell crank 98 will be free to be rotated clockwise around its pivot 99 as, for example, by a tension spring 106, to a position such as that in broken lines at 90. When the impulses cease, the energization of the magnet 10 ceases and the spring 89' will retract the armature 89, causing the roller 92 to leave the inclined portion 93 of the switch arm 94 and causing the contacts 1717 to close the circuit through the wires 16 and 19 as described for Fig. 2.

The movement of the armature 89 will be stopped on the end of the arm 91.

When the bell crank is rotated counter-clockwise upon the restoring of the ratchet piece 47 in a manner to be described, the end of the arm 91 will engage and slide over a cam surface 101 on the armature 89 moving it counter-clockwise to open the contacts 17--17 and will hold it in this position by engagement with the armature 89 on the relatively elevated portion 102.

As described in connection with Fig. 2, closing the contacts 17 will cause energization of the magnet 13, which has been called the printing magnet. As shown in Fig. 7, the magnet 13 has a magnetic circuit of E-form and the three poles 108 thereof cooperate to attract a magnetic armature 109 pivotally supported at 110, and the movement or stroke of which may be adjustably regulated by a rearward extension 111 of the armature and two abutments 112112 on opposite sides of the extension and supported in a bracket 113 and independently movable toward or from the extension as by screw threads thereon. The opposite end of the armature 109 carries an upwardly extending threaded stud 114 which may be adjustably secured in the end of the armature 109 by being threaded therethrough and locked thereon by a lock nut. 115. The upper end of the stud 114 is surmounted by a head 116 provided with a shock absorbing disc 117.

A plunger 118 threaded at its extreme lower end as at 119, rests upon the disc 117 and is guided for axial reciprocatory movement in a sleeve 120 which may be suitably supported upon a main frame element as at 121, Fig. 8. On the lower end of the sleeves 120 is adjustably screw-- threaded a thimble 122 through a perforation in the closedend of which the plunger 118 may reciprocate, and a nut 123 surmounted by a shock,

the upper end of the plunger 118, the normal pdsitions of the type cylinder 1 and plunger 118 being indicated in Figs. 3 and 7. A strip of paper 125 upon which the characters are to be printed and which is dispensed in a manner to be described, is disposed between the plunger 118 and the type cylinder 1, and a printing ribbon 184, adapted to bewound and unwound and transversely shifted in a manner to be described, is disposed between the paper strip 125 and the type cylinder 1 as illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9.

In a manner that will now be apparent, when the magnet 13 is energized, the armature 109 will be attracted and the upward movement of its free end carrying the head 116 will be communicated to the plunger 118 and cause the upper end thereof to strike a blow which will drive the paper strip 125 and ribbon 184 against a selected character on the type cylinder 1 and imprint this character on the paper strip. In Fig. 8 are illustrated the positions of the parts at the moment of imprinting a character; and in Fig. 9 is illustrated the position of the parts when the division 2, Fig. 1, of the type cylinder is the selected position, whereat, as will be seen in Fig. 9, the upper end of the plunger 118 is stopped short of a printing position by the impinging of the disc 124 and nut 123 upon the lower end of the thimble 122. To further insure a blank space between successive printed words, the space division 2 of the cylinder 1 is depressed as shown at 2' in Fig. 9.

The stroke of the plunger 118 when printing characters may be adjusted by the stud 114 to leave a slight clearance between the disc 124 and the lower end of the thimble 122 to insure a suitable impact on the type; and the stroke when a space is desired between words, may be adjusted by adjusting the thimble 122 to suitably stop the plunger by the disc 124; and the impact of the plunger 118 may be regulated by adjustably providing a clearance between the end 119 of the plunger and the disc 117, as shown in Figs. 8

and 9.

As shown in connection with Fig. 2, the operation of the printing magnet 13 breaks a circuit at 20 and makes a circuit at 27, and this is effected in the preferred embodiment of my invention as illustrated in Fig. 7. Three resilient switch arms 126, 127, and 128 are secured as by screws 129 toa sliding support 130 on the frame of the magnet 13 and adiustably positionable thereon by slots 132 in the support and screws 131 in the slots in a well known manner. The resilient switch arms are insulated from each other and from the support 130 by insulating blocks 133133. As viewed in Fig. 7, the resilient switch arms depend toward the armature 109 and the arms 126 and 128 have a pair of normally mutually engaged contacts 20--20 and the arms 127 and Y128 have a pair of mutually normally disengaged contacts 2727. The arm 127 extends beyond the other two arms and has an inclined portion 134 thereon engaging with a roller 135 rotatably mounted on the armature 109.

Upon upward or counter-clockwise movement of the armature 109 around its pivot 110, to effect the printing operation above described, the roller 135 moves the switch arm 127 to effect the engagement of the contacts 2727 and subsequently to effect disengagement of the contacts 20-20 whereby, as described in connection with the wiring diagram of Fig. 2, the restoring magnet 14 is energized and the printing magnet 13 By suitably is partly dc-energized by inserting in series therewith the high resistance lamp 23.

spacing the contacts 27-27, the energization' of the magnet 14 from the partial energization-thereof through the lamp 23 to the full energization thereof may be initiated as early in the stroke of the armature 109 as may be desired to insure that the magnet 14 will be fully energized at the termination of the stroke of the armature 109 and of the plunger 118.

The function of the restoring magnet 14 is, .as stated above in connection with Fig. 2, to restore the parts mechanically and electrically to their original or normal condition. This will now. be described. It will be observed that at the time of energizing the magnet 14, the type cylinder 1 is in some one of its selective positions and therefore the ratchet pieces 47-47 are in one or another of their forwardly stepped positions; and that the printing plunger 118 is retained generally in its upper or printing position by the magnet 13, but with the end 119 of the plunger resting by gravity on the disc 117.

A depending armature 138, Fig. 7, is pivotally mounted as at 189 to swing toward and from the magnet 14, a pole piece 140 being provided on'the armature 138 upon which'tlie flux of the magnet 14 may act. The lower end of the armature 138 is pivotally connected to the two legs 141-141 of a U-shapedlink 142, a pm 143 extending through .the legs of the link and through the armature 138. A slot 144. in the-legs 141 permits longitudinal movement of the ends of the pin 143 therein and a spring 145, is placed between the lower end of the armature 138 and the closed end of the link 142, whereby movement of the armature 138 may be initiated in quick response to the energization of the magnet 14 and without waiting for the inertia of the associated parts to be overcome, and movement ,of the armature transmitted to the link by the armature 138 may be cushioned to avoidshock, and, for purposes of absorbing inertia of parts connected to the link 142, to permit the full stroke of the armature 138 to precede the movement of the said moved parts.

The legs 141 of the link 142 are pivotally connected as at 146 tothe lower end of a lever 147 pivotally supported intermediate its ends and" adjacent the'pivot 146 on a ball bearing support 72. The opposite end of the lever 147 more remote from the bearing 72 is, as shown in Figs. 7 and 11, provided with a transverse bar 148 normally disposed forwardly of the pins 67 which depend from the ratchet pieces 47. And the lever 147 is also provided with a laterally extending pin 149 between the bar 148 and the bearing 72.

Upon attraction of the armature 138 by the magnet 14 in the clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 7, movement is transmitted through the link 142 to the lever 147, rocking it clockwise around the bearing 72, causing the bar 148 to move to the right and engage the pins 67 in whatever forward position they may have been selectively disposed, and to move them back to their normal position, during which movement'the pins 48 and the links 49 and 50 operate through the bell crank 53 and through the rack bar 55 to restore the printing cylinder 1 to its normal position. The springs 55 and 61 continuously act tending to move the links 49 and 50 forwardly and thus, acting through the pins 48, exert forward thrust on the ratchet pieces 47-47, but upon the completion of the rearward movement of the ratchet pieces 47 by means of the lever 147 as described,

tion suitable for its next the ratchet pawls 45-45 will retain theratchet pieces 47 in their rearmost or normal position.

The rearward movement of the pins 48 acts upon the equalizing bar 105 to rock the bell crank 98 counter-clockwise causing the end of the arm 91 thereof to move over the cam 101 against the tension of the spring 106, into a position to engage theportion 102 of the armature 99 in which position it maybe subsequently held by a shoulder 102 on the armature. Thus the contacts 17-17 I are opened and held open.

As will presently be referred to again, the magnet 14 will be de-energized after the lever 147.

has moved through its stroke to reset the ratchet pieces 47, and toretract the lever 147 to a posioperation, a spring 147' is provided connected at one end to the lever 147 and at its opposite end to a suitable point on the stationary frame of the apparatus, the spring functioning to exert a counter-clockwise torque on the lever 147. When the ratchet pieces 47 have been restored to their reset position and held there by the pawls as above described, the springs 68 are under tension and by their own reaction upon the head clockwise in opposition to the tendency of the 71 tend to rotate the lever 147 spring 147'. When the ratchet pieces 47 are ratcheted ahead, the tension in the springs 68 s gradually released, enabling the spring 147' to over-power the springs 68 and retract the lever 147. By suitably proportioning the tension of the springs 68 and 147', so that they suitably counter-balance each other, the retractive effort of the spring 147' will only "be able to retract the bar 148 a relatively short distance from the pins 67, and as the pins advance with the ratchet pieces 47, thebar 148 will retreat ahead of them so that the bar 148 is at all times a relatively constant and relatively small distance away from the pins. Therefore, at each energization of the magnet 14 and resetting movement of the bar 148, the bar 148 moves only a short distance to engage the pin 67 whether the ratchet pieces have been moved ahead one notch or one'tooth, or the complete range of teeth; and therefore the bar 148 engages the pins with the minimum of impact. The lever 147 thus has a floating movement which maintains the bar 148-in readiness to effect a resetting action in the minimum of time after energization of the magnet 14, as well as with the minimum of shock.

The mechanism for moving the paper tape step by step as successive characters are printed thereon, and the mechanism for movingthe printing ribbon to bring a freshportion thereof in position for use to print each successive character will now be described. At each operation of the mechanism actuated by the restoring magnet 14,

the tape and ribbon mechanism referred to is actuated through one complete cycle and the power for its operation is taken from the restoring magnet 14 in the following manner.

Upon movement of the lever 147 clockwise as 12,into engagement with'the lever 168, and by a continuation of movement gives to the lever a slight rocking or rotational movement counter- 168 as at 171 is one end of a depending link 170,

the lower end of which, as at 172, is pivotally connected to a pawl arm 173 which in turn is pivotally supported at 174. Upon each downward movement as viewed in Fig. 9 of the said end of the lever 168, the pawl arm 173 is given a corresponding clockwise movement causing a pawl 175 on .the end thereof engaged with teeth 176 of a ratchet wheel 177 to step ahead the wheel 177 one tooth. Connected to the wheel 177 is a feed roller 178 between which and a corresponding mating roller 179, the strip of paper 125 upon which the characters are to be printed is disposed.

The two rollers are maintained in pressure relation on opposite sides of the tape by a spring 181 anchored at one end at 182 and at its free end engaging resiliently the shaft 183 upon which the roller 179 is mounted, thus pressing the roller 179 firmly toward the roller 178 and causing the roller 178 to grip the paper strip 125 by its frictional contact therewith whereupon the roller 178 may feed the strip 125 positively.

The plunger 118 hereinbefore described is illustrated in this figure disposed below the paper strip 125, and above the strip is illustrated a portion of the type cylinder 1. When the plunger 118 is moved upwardly, it strikes the paper strip and carries it against the printing ribbon 184 and carries the latter against a character on the type cylinder, thus printing a character on the paper; and after the printing of each character, the plunger 118 is restored to its lower position as above described, and the paper strip is fed longitudinally a step as above described preparatory to printing the next character.

The printing ribbon 184 which may be of the well known typewriter ribbon form is wound upon a drum 185 and may be unwound therefrom by winding the other end thereof on a similar drum 186. The intermediate portion of the ribbon 184 between the drums is led over a pair of rollers 187-187 to dispose it in a plane parallel to and in .close proximity to the paper strip125, and the ribbon is guided onto the rollers 187 by passing through perforations 188-188 on opposite sides of the rollers 187, the perforations being formed in a sheet' metal guide 189. The rollers 187 are supported on the guide 189 by depending hangers 190 having at their lower ends oppositely disposed ears 191-191 in which supporting shafts 192 of the rollers 187 are rotatably mounted. Thus the perforations 188 are disposed so as to feed the ribbon 184 to the rollers, and when the ribbon 184 is shifted laterally in a manner to be described to distribute the wear of the printing operation over the ribbon, the rollers 187 and perforations 188 may be moved in unison by movement of the guide 189.

A bell crank 195 is pivotally supported as at 196 on an end of the lever 168 and comprises a depending arm 197 and a generally horizontal arm 198. The arm 198 is bifurcated as at 199 at the end thereof and in the bifurcation is disposed the end of a hairpin-form spring 200, the other end of which is anchored as at 201 upon the arm 168. A relatively slight rotational movement of the bell crank 195 on its pivot 196 will throw the bifurcation 199 above or below, respectively, the center line of the pivots 196 and 201, and the spring 200, acting in a well known manner, will resiliently hold the arm 198 in either position above or below the center line and correspondingly hold the arm 197 resiliently toward the left or toward the right as viewed in Fig. 12. 1

The free end of the arm 197 is provided with a pair of opposite pawls 202 and 203, the pawl 202, in the position of parts illustrated in the drawings, being disposed in a tooth space of a ratchet wheel 204; and the pawl 203 is disengaged from similar ratchet teeth of a similar ratchet wheel 205. A ratchet pawl 206, pivotally supported at 207, has on its lower end a pair of pawl teeth 208 and 209, the tooth 208 being engaged in a tooth space of the ratchet 204, and the tooth 209 being out of engagement with and spaced from the teeth of the wheel 205.

As will now appear, the aforesaid intermittent oscillation of the lever 168 will cause the arm 197 to reciprocate upwardly and downwardly as viewed in the drawings, and this movement will cause the tooth 202 to ratchet over the teeth of the wheel 204 and then to step it ahead, the-tooth 208 preventing the wheel from overtraveling or from moving during ratcheting of the tooth 202 in a well known manner. The spring 200 besides functioning as a throw-over spring as above described, functions also as a click spring for siliently against the wheel teeth.

By means of a gear 210 on the ratchet wheel 204 or associated therewith and meshed with a gear 211 on a shaft 212, .the shaft may be rotated step by step. The drum 186 is on the shaft 212 and thus, step by step, winds the ribbon 184 upon the drum 186, The ribbon 184 so wound is being unwound from a similar drum 185. A follower 213 comprising an arm 214 secured to a shaft 215 at one end and carrying at its other end a roller 216, causes the roller to follow the decreasing diameter of the unwinding ribbon 184 on the drum 185, causing the shaft 215 which is mounted in suitable supporting bearings to rotate step by step. On the opposite end of the shaft 215 is a radially projecting hook device 217 provided with a hook 218 at its end. Continued rotation of the shaft 215 will bring the hook 218 gradually under an ear 219 on the bell crank arm 197; and when this condition has been reached, the next successive downward reciprocation of the bell crank arm 197 will cause the ear 219 to pivot on the point of the hook*218 and rock the bell crank 195 aroundits pivot 196 and shift the arm 198 sufliciently to cause the spring 200 to snap it beyond the center line whereupon the bell crank arm 197 will be thrown laterally toward the right and bring the tooth 203 into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 205 after which, movement of the bell crank arm 197 upwardly and downwardly, as above described, will ratchet the ratchet wheel 205 step by step. This will effect a winding of the ribbon 184 upon the drum 185, reversing its direction through the frame 189. The pawl 206 at the same time is swung over to engage its tooth 209 with the ratchet wheel 205 by means of a hairpin-form spring 220 anchored at the closed end thereof at 221 upon the pawl 206, and the free ends of the hairpin form being resiliently compressed between the teeth 202 and 203 on the am 197.

Movement of them 197 in either direction will transmit its movement through the hairpin to the pawl 206 and move .it resiliently into engagement with one or the other of the ratchets 204 or 1 205, asthe case may be. r

- 217 into position to be engaged by an ear 225 similar to the ear 219 described, whereupon the bell crank arm 197 will be rocked back again into the position illustrated to ratchet the ratchet wheel 204 in a manner described.

Thus the ribbon 184 is repeatedly wound j upo one-of thedrums 185.0r 186 and then unwound therefrom and wound upon the other drum.

In order to'maintain the shafts 215 and 223f constrained to rotate in the proper direction, a spring 217', see Fig. 13, is connected to the hook devices 217 and 224, thus at all times applyinga resilient torquetothe shaftsfl j r The spring 217' may also, as illustrated in Fig. 1 3, function to hold the arm 214 away from the drum .185 as,,for example, when it is desired to changearibbononthedrum. Asillustratedin- Fig. 13, when the shaft 215 is rotated through somewhat more than a'fourth of a revolution.

the right hand-end as viewed in Fig. 13 of the spring 217' passes beyond the center line of the shaft 215 and, in a well known over-center manner, resiliently sition.

, During the first winding revolution 'of'each drum, means is provided,now to be described, toshift the ribbon transverselyin alternate direc tions, whereby when the ribbon is traveling in one direction; the printing operation will be eflected thereon onportions at one side of the center line and when in the other direction, on portions ontheother side of --the center line to the-wearonthejribbom; pe Referring to the drum 186'u'pon which the ribbonjis'wol'md as viewed in Fig; 12, the shaft 212 which rotates the drunifl186 carries a disc 225 having a tooth 226 in the periphery thereof. A rod 227, generally horizontally disposedrhas a hook 228 units left end as viewed in the drawing,

and the opposite end is pivotally connected as at l 229 to an 230pivotally supported at 231, and provided on, its lower end with 7 acam follower 232.

'meheekzz s is; in the path ofthe" tooth 226 and during the first revolution of the drum 186, the tooth 226 engages, the hook 228' and longitudinally 227, the arm 230 from the -position'illustrated, which .is its extreme. riaht hand position, toward the left around the pivot 231. The movement is sufilcient to move the hook 228 beyond the path-of the tooth '226Zjand the tooth beyond the hook. follower 232Yiscl l qibr this movement. to travel in ,a z-shaped} camin' an .224zofthe 18i), causingthe printing h r "of ribbonfor;

in to be the purposefaboveimenti 7 when the M holds the shaft in its rotatedpotion' to wind the ribbon thereon, a similar disc 235'g'ives a longitudinalmovement to a similar rod 236 pivoted to -the am 230 at 237 and oscillates it back to the position illustrated, thus shifting the ribbon backagain to its former position. V e

Referring to Fig.3, the ribbon 184, as-will now be understood, moves. step by step towards the right as viewed in -the figure with the printing operation occurringalong; the center line 184a, When the drum 185 is filled and the'shift is made to wind the ribbon on the 186,'the

ribbon shiftsover, that is to say, upwardly as viewed in Fig. 3, andbegins to move toward the leftfand the printing operation occurs along the center line 1841),

Thus as willbe apparent,- ribbon will be repeatedly fed fromvend to end and along the side portion of the-ribbon'in one direction and back along theopposite side portion in'the other direction until the ribbon isjcompletely worn thi part of the mechanism can operate without of this class in which the ribbon'is merely alternated in vbackagain. h

' It will. now beobwrved after the ;acter-was-printed,;the;printing .magnetkl3 remained partly through the lamp 23,

.Fig. 2, 'andithat the magnet I14 being'fully energized operated to restore; the printing cylinder to strip-and printing tape and to break the main circuit at contacts 17-17:t o tie-energize both magnets l3 and 14 preparatory to the printing of another character. As described in connection with Fig. 2, I havefound that the operation of the apapratus' maybe render'edmore positive by momenta iiiy' .short circuitinz contacts ,17-'-17 1 during the thereof before finallybreakthe battery-circuit controiled b! the contacts"17-.-'17, andthemanner in which this is accomplished will now be described.

Referring to Fi g."-15,- th bell 152, which was? in with Fig.

direction from one end tothe other and out'in substantially all portions thereof, and thus? 3 attention for twice thejusual time ofm its normal, position and to step ahead the paper -'12 is shown 152 is given its clockwise movementiby the lever 147, a'third l5'5the'r'eon moves correspondingly and gives ihorizontal movementito the right to a ratchet,

:pawl 240 pivoted at one endas'at 241 to the bell 'crank arm,155 and constrained to rotate 1 counter-clockwise b'y'a spring 242 which holds its free forQright-handiend into ratcheting engagement with the .teethof t, ratchet wheel'243; Thus the wheel243-ahead ens tooth;

the-oscillatory movements of .the bellcrank 152, above described at each movement jAn'a m-2 4'p1yote1ir2supportedet.245adieposed abovethe ratchet wheel 243 and isprovided with afpawl 246' normally lodged in the .between of ratchet wheel 243. Thus step of theratchetwheeI. thearm 244 al ernatelyrises and falls. Upon the upward movement of the arm 244,' a roller 24'! on 12 and cnt=t29 to engage armf't dwtrically connect the I resilient switch arms be-as hereinbefore reto inlconnecflo with arms by inr. blocks :48 secured 11: of the bellcrank 152 the freelend thereof raises a" resilient switch arm i adingjmating 20" on another may be effected by the lever 147 and its pin 149 as above described. A counter-clockwise movement may be efiected by the spring reacting through the bell crank arm 167 when the pin 149 is retracted from the arm 152.

As will now be understood, the movement of the lever 147 which efiects the opening of the contacts 17 through the coordinated elements including the pins 67, ratchet pieces 47, pins 48, bell crank 98, arm 91, cam surface 101 and armature 89 also closes a circuit around the contacts 17 by means of the contacts 29-29, the circuit connections having been illustrated and described in Fig. 2 and the coordinated elements actuated by movement of the lever 147 being the bell crank 152, ratchet elements 240 and 243, arm 244 and switch arms 12 and 9.

It will be observed that the magnet 14 by which the contacts 17--17 are opened tends to become de-energized by the opening of these contacts so that there may be in some cases a tendency for the contacts 17-17 not to clearly open but to chatter. By throwing the short circuit around the contacts 17--17 through the contacts 29-29, the contacts 1717 may become fully open and break the circuit at that point without chatter. By the arrangement of the parts above described, the continued re-setting movement of the lever 147, after it has closed the contacts 2929, continues to rotate the ratchet wheel 243 to finally break or separate the contacts 29-29, thus breaking the main supply circuit from the battery 15, Fig. 2, in a manner and by a mechanism as described which is not susceptible of chattering, and de-energizing both magnets 13 and 14 whereupon all the parts of the apparatus which have not heretofore been re-set, now move to their normal or re-set position, and the entire apparatus is ready for another character-printing cycle.

From the foregoing description, it will now be clear that upon the reception of a single impulse or of a group of impulses in one or both of the magnets 7 and 8, a complete cycle of operations is initiated and performed and the apparatus reset to its original condition ready to receive another impulse or group of impulses. The energy for operating the apparatus through such a cycle is derived from a source local to the receiver,

namely the battery 15. The energy for moving the type cylinder selectively is mechanical energy stored up in the receiver by the magnet 14 when energized to reset the apparatus for the reception of an impulse or impulses.

Thus in one aspect, it may be stated that the mechanical energy stored up at the end of a cycle by the magnet 14, is energy which operates upon the reception of impulses to initiate a cycle of operations, all of which occur in succession after which a suflicient quantity of energy is stored up, as a last part of the cycle of operations, to initiate the next succeeding cycle.

In Figs. 21 and 22 I have illustrated a modification of a part of the receiver of my invention and of which a simple description will sufilce in view of the more complete description of the preferred form. In the form hereinbefore described, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, the type cylinder 1 is rotated always in the same direction. Thus to print a comma character, the cylinder must be rotated through six character-printing positions, starting from the position 3 to bring the "comma character-in position to be printed. According to the modification of Fig. 21, the cylinder is normally disposed with a neutral or starting or blank character space 400, Fig. 22, in what may be called a middle position, and to print some of the characters the cylinder is rotated from one to four spaces either clockwise or counter-clockwise in combination with longitudinal movement as in the first form.

'The longitudinal movement may be effected as described in connection with Fig. 3 by the bell crank arm 63. The rotary movement counterclockwise (that is to say, with the upper side of the cylinder moving toward the left as viewed in Fig. 3), a similar mechanism may be employed comprising a rack bar 487 having teeth engaging a gear 488, the bar being moved step by step by.

the rod 55 as in the first form. To rotate the cylinder in the opposite direction, a second bar 489 having teeth on its upper side engageable with the gear 488 is given a vertical movement as viewed in Fig. 21 to engage its teeth with the gear, and by being secured as at 490 to the rod 55 raises the rod and the bar 487 connected thereto to demesh the teeth of the latter with the gear. Thus upon movement of the bar 55, the rack bar 489 will turn the gear 488 in the opposite direction.

To shift the bars 489 and 487 as described, a magnet 491 attracts an armature 492 pivoted at 493 and the end of the armature 492 engages a bell crank 494,-pivot ed at 495, having at the end of one arm a roller 496 engaging and rolling upon the rack bar 489. The center of the pivot 495 is disposed at the left of the roller 496 so that upon counter-clockwise movement given to the bell crank by the armature 492, the roller 496 will roll upon the rack bar 489 with a rising movement to elevate the same for the purpose above described.

- The bell crank is maintained in its rotated position by the engagement of another arm 497 thereof with a latch 498. When the bar 55 is returned by the restoring or resetting operation hereinbefore described, an abutment 499 on the end of the rack bar 489 engages an upstanding arm 500 on the latch 498 which is pivoted at 501, rocking the latch and releasing the bell crank 494 and the latter is returned to its normal position by a spring 502 connecting the bell crank 497 and the latch 498, whereupon the bar 489 may fall to its originalposition, providing that the magnet 491 has in the meantime been de-energized to permit the armature 492 to be returned to its unattracted position which movement may also be effected by the spring 502. Thus'whenever the magnet 491 is energized, the rack bar 489 will control the movement of the gear 488, and when it is unenergized the bar 487 will control the movement.

Any suitable circuit connections may be employed for energizing the magnet 491, either by a suitable electric impulse transmitted thereto from a distant sending station, or by energy supplied thereto from the local source 15, through contacts suitably closed before the beginning of the ratcheting movement.

It will be apparent now that by means of the arrangement of Fig. 21, the type bar, if it has its characters arranged as indicated for some of the characters in Fig. 22, may be rotated through a range of seven characters, the movement being to the extent of four characters on each side of a central position whereas in the first described arrangement, see Fig. 1, the'rotation was over an extent of six characters at one side of a starting position. This reduction in rotary movement obviously shortens the period of time required for the movement and speeds up the operation as a whole.

In either thedescribed form or that employ-' ing. amodification of Fig- "21 it will be observed that by sending impulses to both magnets '1 and -8 sihmltaneouslm-the-type cylinderwill rotate and move longitudinally, both movements. occurring concurrently' and thus the type cylinder ismoved to its selective position with a screwing movement on all ment.

or, a part of its selectionmove- 'Again; by employing the modification of 21, as will now be'cleanl'since' the. rotary movement in either directionlis over fewer character spaces, ratchet pieces 47 may be employed having iewer'tooth spaces thereomand therefore at the endof their maximum movement they. can be Bireierence to Fi s. 7.416. 1 an illustrate-an actual'apparatusinwhich inv'e'n tioninay beembodied,-

which apparatus has reset in a shorter period of. time; having less dis tance -to travel :to be returned to their original position. Thus both the'timeofposition'select-e ing-Iand the time-"of restoring is shortened.

developed'into somewhat" diagrammatic form s and ia itiwm be the appa- I ratusmay conveniently "be assembled upon its 'frame' comprising abase portion 300, a; floor portion 301 spaced" vertically, thereabove. and supported in spacedrelation by. suitable posts 302- Mid v r ical wall portion l303-standing or rising from an intermediate portionof the floor portion, 301. -As in =Figs-.' 1e and15, V the paper strip and ribbon actuating mechanism maybe conveniently on opposi'te sides ofthewall-303.

As shown l; the

mechanism for selectively gr eving" the type cylgin'der 1 may conveniently be mounted upon the '40- magnets 13, 14,and'land ilinayfconveniently 3 .be' between-the floor-portion 30,1." and- I the' base 300. ,themagnet :131'and its fr'ame being.

:floor. portion 303; andi asy h wniinj '1, the

' conveniently. suspended fromthe-underside of the floor portion 301. as may 'alsoi'the'magnet '14 and 1 its frame,- and the magnets 'l egfsee also Fig.

de e aw co e mi ic'dnaybe The magnet 10, ssassin disposed at right angles -tothe portion s01- and may generally I hmunder. fro

l'avoid complicationsof .thej magnethas been illustrated in the horlzontal' position in 3;jbllt it .18 "believed that fthef'construction .-thereof'and of correlated I trout-lg. 18' withoutfurther illustration'or'de scription;

' As'shown the roller may be rotated -to paper strip 125'ahead foro In Pig-.7. a singlemagnet 14;,is illustrated.

In some I employ two magnets;

which the second magnet would'be. disf nosed directly t e m n et'@1s,.1ilius'trata'si in. v

m In l it smi e-Mit e to provide two. rcni s 'one {or 10" each magnet. As 'describedhereinhelorq zthei magnetic circuit .ojrthe. ,electro-masnet'fia;

prises ahorizontal-element s11 .byiiv'hich' it be suppo' rted on thefloor portion 303', adepending leg 3l2 the core" ture no ms these parts-dupll w m ma antagonism... trols the feedof thepaper strip,.l 2 5,"may upon .ts shaft oraxis a hand wheel 310 by which? portiens 35 it is only necessary to move the arms! ture portion 315a very slight distance andi'the' ously overcome,

windings are employed.

Such a two-magnet construction is shown in Fig. 18 which mayv be considered as viewed from the plane 18 of Fig. 7 with the parts broken away at the pivotal bearing 139. The; two magnet windings. Lia-Mohave a common yoke 320 and cated except as to the armature140, when two the armature 140 may be attracted by both magnets lea-14a. The armature 140'has'a central head. portion 321 thereon transversely through which extends a short pin 322, the emis'of the pin mounting the inner race elements 3323- 323 of ball bearings, the outer race elements of which 324-324 are supported in suitable bores in arms 325-325 of the common yoke 320.

The pin 322 .corresponds .to the pivot bearing" element 139 in Fig. 7. By this construction, the] armature 140 may pivot around the ball bearings described and furthermore, which is an important feature of this construction, the magnetism from as 326 therebetween.

The magnetism by attracting the balls and their race elements intotight, engagement with each other, eliminates every'traceof lost motion-in;

these hearings, and at the same time, due tdlth nisms of the kind under consideration.

w The actual construction of the armature 135' of the magnets 7 and 8 is to be particularly noted. In the preferred construction, the armature comprises aportion' 315 disposed opposite the core of the. magnet, which portion is 'pivotally supported at 8'l,and a relatively-slender rod por tion 35 rising verticallytherefrom, thejupper j; 1"" end of whichas plainly shown ingFigs. 7 and '16 engages arm 7 39 of the bell crank-form 1' ratchet pawlsupporting-pieces.

. By ,s pp t s'y e magnet on the base 300 and theratchetin'glf referred to upon the spacedfloor'aol; v considerable length-of rod portion 35 may YY the magnets '14o-14cflowsnot only through the r i armaizurelm and'yoke' 320 but oniis-way'from- .one to the othe'ryflows into the head 321 and thence through-the inner and; outer bearing elements 323 and 324 'an'dthrough the balls suchprovided whichmakes it possible to so-proportion,

the lengthanddiameter of the rod 35 that theyv 3 may bend 1 under the rdrce applied thereto by the windings 'l and 8. Thus for-a; siderable movement'ofthe upper endsof li pulseafollowed by moveme t o ghemd pommfuncflonmgjsareflw -r tum: bar w e;- n will be observed 3 thB 1-his.'movemnt Qitherod portlon35 is I l dflerent-from that por-J I q 7 .tion w ich: merely movesunder the of magnetism and is retracted by. a spring,land

which the m nur QM 'mUSE be continu-'- T i their-vibration," by the direct punjof-the, ma net.

rod-likeporfl m' 851love Fanatical 1'sor period. of vibration to correepond to the rate at whichthe impulses and thus the'eflect-of the "iniv pulses from the magnets 7 and 8 may be described as that of keeping the rod-like armatures in vibration rather than of bodily moving them.

The armatures 35 may be retracted in any suitable manner but I prefer to retract them by springs 316-316, Fig. lfi acting through the bell crank arms 3939.

As will be observed from an examination of the diagram of Fig. 2, the apparatus embodying my invention is at all times ready to receive impulses from a sending station and between periods of receiving, all of the circuits are dead. No manual operations need be performed to adapt the receiver to receive impulses and to print characters.

Such a receiver is particularly adapted to use with a plurality of like receivers where ismay be desired to switch incoming impulses from one receiver to another, or where it may be desired to connect a number of receivers to the transmitting circuit.

Another advantage of my receiver is that there is no need to synchronize the impulses to the magnets 7 and 8. These impulses may come in sets or groups of impulses simultaneously or one set immediately succeeding another set.

Another advantage of my improved receiver is that at the end of the reception of a message by printing of characters and words, the paper tape may be run through the receiver to bring the end of the message out in a position to be easily read and torn off from the main supply of paper simply by sending to the receiver a succession of spacing impulses, that is, impulses which bring the division 2 of the type cylinder of Fig. '1 into selected position. It is believed that this. feature of operation will be clearly understood without further description.

According to the above description, the receiver may print words on the paper strip, the letters of the words and the spaces between the words being selected by predetermined groups of impulses transmitted to the magnets 7 and 8 over the wires 4 and 5 respectively. If now the wires 4 and 5 be interchanged so that the magnets 7 and 8 are energized respectively by impulses over the wires 5 and 4, selection and printing will occur but the words so printed will be unintelligible and will be in the nature of a code. Again, such a coded message may be de -code'd by maintaining the wires 4 and 5 thus respectively connected to the magnets 8 and7 and sending over the wires 4 and 5 from a local transmitter at the receiving station a copy of the coded message. This will cause the words to be printed by the receiver in de-coded condition wherein the message may be clearly read. This transmission of decoding impulses may be confined to the local circuit of the receiver, and not sent out by the transmitter to other receivers which may at the time be connected to it in a communication system, by opening a simple switch (not shown) which will disconnect the local transmitter from its outgoing line or lines.

As an alternative decod'ng method, the coded message may be copied on an ordinary typewriter having the keys suitably rearranged so that when the keys are pressed in the sequence of the letters of the coded message, the typewriter will print the message de-coded.

To change the receiver to a coding receiver, it is only necessary to reverse the line connections as above stated and this can be done by an ordinary reversing switch and the connections such as indicated at 505 in Fig. 2, the switch parts shown in solid lines being in the position for ordinary receiving and the dotted line position indicating the coding receiving position.

In the preferred arrangement, I prefer to em- I ploy two lines such as 4 and 5 between the send ing and receiving stations and to transmit impulses over each line to the magnets 7 and 8 respectively. In some cases, however, I may prefer to transmit the impulses from the sending station over a single line. Such a system may be referred to as a single-wire system, and the system of Fig. 2 as a two-wire system. One form of a one-wire system is illustrated in Fig. 19.

The impulses coming into the receiver over the single line 509 are of two kinds, namely positive and negative, and the magnets corresponding to the magnets 7 and 8 of Fig. 2 are polarized magnets 507 and 508, one magnet responding to the positive impulses and the other to the negative impulses. As in connection with the form of Fig. 2, when only positive impulses are transmitted over a one line, say the line 4, there are obviously gaps between successive impulses. When a single line system such as Fig. 19 is employed, there will correspondingly be gaps between the positive impulses and these gaps may be occupied by the negative impulses. Thus the time of transmitting impulses over the single line system is not increased over that of the two line system.

In Fig. 20 a single line system similar to that of Fig. 19 is shown, but whereas the polarized magnets 50'? and 508 of Fig. 19 are connected in series, they are connected in' parallel in Fig. 20.

To those skilled in this art it will occur that the magnets 507 and 508 responding selectively to difierences of polarity of the impulses received over the single line 509, may be constructed to respond to impulses of different lengths or of different frequencies etc. so that my invention is not limited merely to positive impulses as in Fig. 2 or to positive and negative impulses as in Figs. 19 and 20.

In Fig. 23I have illustrated in simplified diagrammatic form, one manner of interconnecting a plurality of intercommunicating stations at each of which is a transmitter and. receiver, indicated respectively by the letters T and R. The transmitter T may be of any suitable construction adapted to send over a single line impulses of positive and negative character and in suitable groups in correspondence with characters to be printed at the receiver R, and the receiver may be of the kind hereinabove described; and such receiver 'may comprise a pair of selection mag- 'nets 507 and 508 as in Fig. 19.

The circuit connections of Fig. 23 are so provided that an operator at any one of the stations upon throwing a switch may selectively connect any one of the receivers including his own into a circuit whereby he can immediately transmit thereto a message from his transmitter. For example, if an operator at the station indicated at 600 wishes to communicate with the station 601, he may rock the switch bar 603 clockwise to engage the contact 604 whereupon impulses may be transmitted from the transmitter at 600 through the contacts 603-604, wires 605 and 606 to the receiver at 601. by rocking the switch bar 603 counter-clockwise to engage the contact 607, the operator at 600 may transmit a message to the receiver at 602 by impulses sent from the transmitter 600 over contacts 603-607, wires 608 and 609 to the receiver 602.

Similarly,

In Fig. 24 is illustrated another circuit of con nections whereby an operator at a single transmitter such as 700 may selectively transmit a message to any one of a plurality of receivers such as 701, 702, 703, etc., or may simultaneously transmit a message to any number or all of them. At the station 700, there may be provided a corresponding plurality of single throw double pole switches 704, 705 and 708. Upon closing any one te'm, and those of Fig. 23 as impulses on a onewire system as hereinbefore explained.

My invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown and described. Many modifications and changes may be made therein without departingfrom the spirit of the invention or sacrificing its advantages.

I claim: 1 l v 1. In an electric system and apparatus for'communicating intelligence, an element selectively positionable by rotational and .axial movements thereof, separate means for moving the element rotationally and axially, a pair of devices movable selected distances by selected numbers of step movements, connections between the devices and the said separate means for selectively controlling the extent of axial and rotational movements of the element by the separate means, and means including a pair of electro-responsive devices for step-moving the devices in accordance with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to the electrfo-responsive devices.

2. In an electric system and apparatus for communicating intelligence, an element selectively positionable by rotational and axial movements thereof, separate resilient means for moving the element rotationally and axially, a pair of devices movable selected distances by selected numbers of step movementa'connections between the devices and the said separate means for selectively controlling the extent of axial and rotational movements of the element by the separate resilient means, resilient means for moving the devices. and means including a pair of electroresponsive devices for effecting a step-by-step movement thereof in accordance with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to the electro-responsive devices.

3. In an electric system and apparatus for communicating intelligence, an element selectively positionable by rotational and axial movements thereof, separate means for moving the element rotationally and axially. a pair of devices movable selected distances by selected numbers of step movements, connections between the devices and the said separate means for selectively controlling the extent of axial and rotational movements of the element by the separate means, means for moving the devices, and means including a pair of electro-responsive devices for effecting a stepby-step movement thereof in accordance with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted tothe electro-responslve devices.

4. In an electric system and apparatus for communicating intelligence, an element selectively positionable by rotational and axial movements thereof, a first means for moving the element rotationally, a second means for moving the element axially, means including a pair of electroresponsive devices and a mechanism operable thereby for selectively controlling the extent of said axial and rotational movements of the element by saidfirst and second means in -accordance-with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted respectively to the electro-responsive devices, and said first and second moving means operating respectively independently whereby the said rotational and axial movements may occur concurrently or successively in accordance with the concurrence or succession of the said selected numbers of electrical impulses.

5. In an electric system and apparatus for communicating intelligence, an element selectively positionable by rotational and axial movements thereof, a first means for moving the element rotationally, a second means for moving the element axially, means including a pair of electroresponsive devices for selectively controlling the extent of said axial and rotational movements of the element by said first and second means inaccordance with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to the electro-responsive devices, a local source of power for eflecting said movements of the element and rendered effective by the response of the electr c-responsive devices .to the reception of said impulses.

6. In an electric system and apparatus for communicating intellligence, an element selectively positionable byrotational and axial movements thereof, separate means for moving the element rotationally and axially, a pair of devices movable selected distances' by selected numbers of step movements, means for moving the devices, connections between the devices and said separate means, permitting the devices to move relatively to the said means and for selectively controlling the extent of axial and rotational movement of the element by said separate moving means, the means for moving. the devices including a pair of electro-responsive devices for controlling the extent of movement of the devices in accordance with selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to the electro-responsive devices. '7. In an apparatus for communicating intelligence, an element having a plurality of selective positions, means for moving the element to selected positions and a step-movement mechanism controllingthe extent of movement of the element by said moving means, an electro-magnet for controlling the extent of movement of the said moving means in response to selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to the electro-magnet, the electro-magnet comprising an armature having a support adjacent the magnet and a relatively slender reed-like extension having a portion remote from the magnet associated with the step-m vement mechanism.

8. In an apparatus ,for communicating intelligence, an element having a plurality of selective positions, means for efiecting movement of the element to selected positions including a stepmovement element and resilient means for moving it, an electro-magn'et and armature-operated pawl mechanism for selectively controlling the extent of movement of the step movement element by the resilient moving means in response to selected numbers of electrical impulses transmitted to'thc electro-magnet, the resilient means 

